Carboxylic hydrophilic pq extenders DMBA ati DMPA.

Oro Akoso

Ninu iṣelọpọ ti polyurethane ti omi, carboxylic acid bi anionic hydrophilic pq extender jẹ iru carboxylic acid pẹlu diol, eyiti o jẹ lilo pupọ fun eto molikula alailẹgbẹ rẹ ati iṣẹ ṣiṣe ọja to dara julọ.
Carboxylic acid iru pq extender ni akọkọ pẹlu 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid (DMPA) ati 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid (DMBA).O jẹ moleku diol diol multifunctional alailẹgbẹ pẹlu mejeeji hydroxyl ati awọn ẹgbẹ carboxyl.Lẹhin yomijade pẹlu alkali, ẹgbẹ acid ọfẹ le ni ilọsiwaju ni agbara mu solubility omi tabi iṣẹ pipinka ti resini;Awọn ẹgbẹ pola ni a ṣe lati mu ilọsiwaju ti awọn ohun elo ati awọn ohun elo ti o ni awọ ti awọn okun sintetiki;Mu alkali solubility ti a bo.O le wa ni lilo si eto polyurethane ti o ni omi-omi, resini alkyd resini ti omi-omi ati resini polyester, epo ester epoxy, elastomer polyurethane ati erupẹ lulú.
O tun le ṣee lo ni awọn ohun elo kemikali alawọ, awọn kirisita olomi, awọn inki, awọn afikun ounjẹ ati awọn kemikali alamọpọ, paapaa ni iṣelọpọ omi emulsion polyurethane ati awọn aṣoju ipari alawọ.Kii ṣe olutọpa pq nikan, ṣugbọn tun jẹ aṣoju emulsifying ti ara ẹni ti o dara fun polyurethane, eyiti o le mu iduroṣinṣin pọ si ti ipara omi polyurethane, nitorinaa o lo pupọ.

Awọn anfani Lilo Dihydroxymethyl Carboxylic Acid

Ipara polyurethane olomi nigbagbogbo n ṣafihan oluranlowo hydrophilic sinu pq molikula polyurethane, lẹhinna yomi pẹlu alkali lati ṣe iyọ, o si tuka sinu omi ti a ti sọ diionized nipasẹ gbigbe ẹrọ lati dagba ipara olomi polyurethane.
Ni akọkọ awọn oriṣi mẹta ti awọn aṣoju hydrophilic lo wa ninu polyurethane ti omi: anionic, cationic ati ti kii-ionic.Iru anionic paapaa pẹlu: 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid, tartaric acid, butanediol sulfonate, sodium ethylenediamineethanesulfonate, glycerol ati maleic anhydride;Cationic Iru ni pato pẹlu: methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, ati be be lo;Non ionic Iru nipataki pẹlu hydroxyl fopin si polyethylene oxide.
Akoonu ti aṣoju hydrophilic ti kii-ionic gẹgẹbi polyethylene oxide gbọdọ jẹ ga pupọ lati jẹ ki pipinka duro.Resini polyurethane ti o wa ni omi ti a ṣe ti hydroxyl polyoxyethylene ether bi ẹgbẹ hydrophilic ni o ni resistance electrolyte ti o dara, ṣugbọn omi resistance ti fiimu jẹ talaka pupọ, nitorina ko wulo;
Aṣoju hydrophilic Cationic, gẹgẹbi ethylenediamine sodium acrylate adduct, bi agbo-ara hydrophilic, jẹ ki gbogbo eto ifasẹ jẹ ipilẹ.Ko si ifarahan iyara nikan laarin - ẹgbẹ NH2 ati - ẹgbẹ NCO, ṣugbọn tun ṣe iṣesi laarin - ẹgbẹ NCO ati - nhcoo.Nitorinaa, iṣesi naa nira lati ṣakoso ati rọrun lati jeli.Pẹlupẹlu, ipara ti a pese sile ni awọn patikulu isokuso ati omi ti ko dara ti fiimu ti o ni agbara, nitorinaa ko le ṣee lo ni ile-iṣẹ;
Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid ninu fọọmu anionic ni awọn ẹgbẹ hydroxyl meji ati pe o tun ṣe bi olutọpa pq kan.Ipa meji yii jẹ ki o ṣe afihan awọn anfani nla ni igbaradi ti ara emulsifying Pu ipara.Lakoko iṣelọpọ ti carbamate, o jẹ ki eto ifaseyin jẹ ekikan.Labẹ awọn ipo ekikan, iṣesi laarin - NCO ati - Oh jẹ ìwọnba, lakoko - nhcoo - ko ṣe alabapin ninu iṣesi ati kii yoo fa gel.Ni afikun, dimethylol carboxylic acid tun ṣe bi olutọpa pq, ki ẹgbẹ hydrophilic (ie, ẹgbẹ carboxyl) wa ni apakan pq macromolecular.Lilo amine ile-ẹkọ giga bi oluranlowo didoju, resini polyurethane olomi pẹlu iduroṣinṣin to dara julọ ati omi ti o dara julọ ti fiimu ati idena epo ni a le pese.Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid jẹ ohun elo hydrophilic ti o dara julọ ti a lo ni lilo pupọ ni igbaradi ti resini polyurethane ti omi.

2,2-Dihydroxymethylpropionic Acid (DMPA) Ati 2,2-Dihydroxymethylbutyric Acid (DMBA)

Lara awọn iru meji ti Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acids, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid ti wa ni lilo fun igba pipẹ ati pe o jẹ olutọpa pq hydrophilic ti o gbajumo ni lilo lọwọlọwọ.Botilẹjẹpe o ni ọpọlọpọ awọn anfani, o tun ni ọpọlọpọ awọn alailanfani, nipataki nitori aaye yo giga rẹ (180-185 ℃), eyiti o nira lati gbona ati yo, eyiti o nilo afikun awọn ohun elo Organic bi N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), n N-dimethylamide (DMF), acetone, ati be be lo, nigba ti NMP ni o ni kan to ga farabale ojuami, eyi ti o jẹ soro lati yọ lẹhin igbaradi APU.Pẹlupẹlu, DMPA ni solubility kekere ni acetone, ati pe iye nla ti acetone nilo lati ṣafikun ninu ilana iṣelọpọ.Ilana yiyọ ketone kii ṣe egbin agbara nikan ṣugbọn tun mu awọn eewu ailewu wa.Nitorinaa, lilo 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid kii ṣe giga ni lilo agbara, ṣugbọn tun rọrun lati fa awọn iṣẹku Organic ninu ọja naa.
Ti a ṣe afiwe pẹlu 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid ni awọn anfani wọnyi:
1. O ni solubility ti o dara julọ ni awọn olomi-ara.Tabili ti o tẹle n ṣe afihan data solubility ti DMBA ati DMPA ni awọn iwọn otutu ati awọn olomi oriṣiriṣi;
Awọn data solubility ti DMBA ati DMPA ni awọn iwọn otutu oriṣiriṣi ati awọn olomi:

Solubility: kuro: g / 100g epo
Solubility ninu omi: 48% fun DMBA ati 12% fun DMPA.

2. Iwọn ifarabalẹ giga, iyara iyara ati iwọn otutu kekere.Fun apẹẹrẹ, akoko ifarahan fun sisọpọ polyurethane prepolymer jẹ kukuru, ni gbogbogbo nikan awọn iṣẹju 50-60, lakoko ti DMPA gba awọn iṣẹju 150-180;
3. A lo fun ipara polyurethane ti omi pẹlu iwọn patiku ti o dara julọ ati pinpin dín;
4. Iwọn fifọ kekere, 108-114 ℃;
5. Awọn oniruuru ti awọn agbekalẹ le dinku lilo awọn ohun elo, nitorina o dinku iye owo ti awọn ohun elo ati awọn itọju omi bibajẹ;
6. O le ṣee lo lati mura patapata epo-free polyurethane ati polyester awọn ọna šiše;
Ninu ilana iṣelọpọ gangan, ko nilo lati jẹ eyikeyi epo.Ipara ti a ṣe ni iṣẹ ti o dara ati awọn ohun-ini ẹrọ ti o dara julọ ti fiimu naa, eyiti kii ṣe kukuru akoko ifasilẹ nikan, dinku agbara agbara, ṣugbọn tun fi agbara pamọ.Nitorina, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid jẹ agbo-ara hydrophilic ti o mọ julọ.